What are whiteheads?
A whitehead (closed comedo) is a clogged pore covered by a layer of skin. The contents (sebum and dead cells) have no contact with the air – hence the white or skin-colored appearance.
How do whiteheads form?
Excess sebum plus a thickened outer skin layer seal the pore opening. Aggravating factors: comedogenic cosmetics, hormones and irregular exfoliation.
How do you get rid of whiteheads?
Retinol normalizes keratinization – the most effective active ingredient. Salicylic acid and glycolic acid dissolve dead cells and open the pores. Regular enzyme peels clear the surface.
What should you avoid?
Squeezing – you risk inflammation, scars and dark spots. Heavy, comedogenic oils and creams. Skipping SPF when you use retinol.